European Court of Human Rights

European Court of Human Rights Presentation The motivation behind case at the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), is to look at supposed infringement and guarantee that States Parties agree to their commitments under the Convention, furnishing singular candidates with powerful cures and only fulfillment under Articles 13 and 41 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The more extensive target is to ensure and implant locally the three CoE establishment stones; liberal pluralist majority rules system, human rights and the standard of law to impact auxiliary and institutional change and make a typical equitable and lawful zone all through the entire of the landmass. However contained 47 part states and 811 million residents, the CoE possesses an on a very basic level diverse regional extension to that in May 1949. Initially a social and ideological partner to NATO, it has experienced a focal move in its center business as usual from an interstate procedure of ensuring the vote based personality of Member States thanks to human rights to its developing forefront job as a judge of liberal human rights with the help of individual appeal. Significant issues that take steps to subvert what has been accomplished over the fifty years during which the Convention has worked lead one to ask whether there is any point taking such cases whatsoever. This short exposition is part in two segments. Segment one investigations the tripartite issue delineated inside PACE Resolution 1226 (2000); the deficient lucidity and casuistical nature of Court decisions, described by doctrinal vulnerability in the edge of thankfulness; the fundamental non-usage of decisions and inability to utilize vital changes that would stay away from further infringement, with a contextual analysis of the Russian Federation; and a study of the inadequate thoroughness and disappointment of the Committee of Ministers (CoM) to apply enough weight when directing the execution of decisions. Segment two, investigates the focal discussion among individual and established equity; and the potential effect Protocol 14 may have on the asphyxiating6] Court and CoM. At long last I survey the achievements of Strasbourg prosecution before returning decidedly to our underlying inquiry with an enthusiastic body of evidence for singular request against the background of a tide of human rights maltreatment in post-socialist promotion Europe; the utility of the Interlaken recommendations; and protection of the Human Rights Act 1998. Area One: Problems Hypothetical Fault Lines: An Unprincipled Margin The degree to which there is any point to Strasbourg prosecution is resolved in the main case by the degree to which the Court can adequately adjust its job as a supranational legal underwriter of liberal independent human rights, inside the CoE structure of maintaining and conceding to the string of pluralist majority rule government; a characteristically aggregate perfect. For McHarg, Strasbourg statute is portrayed by the nonappearance of a calculated structure incorporating an ideal rights model with a faultless origination of the open intrigue. Greer concurs, featuring uncertain regularizing, institutional, and adjudicative inquiries, and the disappointment of the Court to convey a solid assortment of statute and protected power. The outcome equation based, slender choices and un-requested interpretive standards, best case scenario cheapening Convention rights and even from a pessimistic standpoint denying them. This polarity is happened through the edge of gratefulness precept; the scope given to States Parties dependent on their better situation with the realities on the ground. ECHR assurances are not outright, however relative; they are dependent upon exemptions allowing encroachment of the key right or opportunity, explicitly characterized inside section two of Articles 8-11; and under Article 15 (A15) can be deleted by and large to the degree carefully required by the exigencies of the circumstance. These express definitional limitations help us to remember Bentham; this, we see, is stating nothing: it leaves the law similarly as free and liberated as it discovered it. Severe legal understanding and objectivity are basic to the safeguard of Convention rights with regards to these exemptions. The adaptability of the edge is for Waldock worthwhile to the evolutive idea of Strasbourg Jurisprudence, and for Dr Arai-Takahashi esteem pluralism being the key essential and ideals of a liberal popularity based society, a lot of normalized rules would debase local authenticity and lavishness of social qualities and conventions among part states. The CoE is clear in its plan to advance mindfulness and support the improvement of Europes social personality and diversity.That Convention rights are relative is a disputable issue for pragmatist scholars, since States Parties could never have been happy to be limited by the Convention in any case without shielding their fair sway. However McHarg takes note of the mystery in a legitimate plan which should secure the person against the group, endorsing confinements to rights on aggregate grounds. How far by and by does the ECtHR go towards satisfying the administrative capacity it alludes to in Handyside v UK (1976)? How much does Osts attestation that there will never be an unchallengeable edge remain constant? McHarg discusses doctrinal vulnerability while Jones calls attention to that even the Courts president has recognized the defense somewhat of analysis of the teachings absence of accuracy and use without principled norms. Fiercer pundits lambast the abandonment of the Courts requirement duty. Dembour questions if Convention rights are so brimming with logical inconsistencies that they are futile? It is characteristic for the division between global individual rights insurances and the national aggregate intrigue that the edge of thankfulness involves a center situation among subjectivity and objectivity; between a weight of confirmation solidly on the legislature on one hand and on the other of wide yielding to it. In Lawless v. Ireland (1961), Waldock attested: a Governments release of obligations is an issue of acknowledging complex factors and adjusting clashing contemplations of the open intrigue; when the Court is fulfilled that the gratefulness is on the edge the intrigue the open itself has in compelling Government and support of request legitimizes and requires a ruling for the lawfulness of the Governments appreciation; Simpson saw this mirroring a certain assurance to back the specialists. Dembour and Jones individual appraisals of further A15 disparagements exhibit reliably respectful uses of the edge, and hesitance to equitably examine the presence of a crisis or of the measures executed to handle it. In Greece v. Joined Kingdom (1958), the Commission contended that the evaluation whether an open peril undermining the life of the country existed is an issue of gratefulness; deciding the legitimacy of the abusive estimates utilized, the UK government delighted in a specific watchfulness. Such a position is plainly obvious in Ireland v. Joined Kingdom (1978), affirmed in Brannigan v. McBride (1993), both concerning A15 disparagements of Article 5 with respect to the detainment of suspects in Ireland. A few issues emerge from the reason utilized in these cases. Dembour causes us to notice the nonattendance of an authentically and hypothetically severe investigation difficult to legitimize in human rights terms. Surely, the certainty of a wide edge with regards to A15 criticisms, drove Judge Martens to declare that there is no defense for leaving a wide edge in light of the fact that the Court, being the final retreat defender, is called upon to carefully investigate each discrediting. Jones battles a highly sensitive situation impartially definable if a national government has proof of such a circumstance, he inquires as to why this isn't equipped for appraisal by a global Court? Execution: A critical view is very much established Strasbourg law has exhibited the capacity of the Court to powerfully maintain Convention rights from significant shows of mediation, guaranteeing a level of equity for candidates and families, universal consideration, responsibility corresponding to genuine infringement, and household administrative change. Despite the criticalness of such supranational choices, examination of the pending caseload (somewhere in the range of 116,800 cases in October 2009), uncovers a Court confronting unreasonable weight from dull cases worried about basic issues in common, criminal and authoritative procedures; genuine inescapable human rights manhandles; and unsatisfactory deferrals in the execution of decisions. Execution remains the Achilles impact point of the Convention framework, A short contextual investigation of Russia underscores the gravity of the circumstance. It is the incongruity of history that the Russian Federation presently involves a key situation in the very association built up to give European solidarity and security notwithstanding Soviet socialism. Involving 27.3% (31,850) of every single pending application at the ECtHR, the Medvedev Government faces extended difficulties in its endeavors to create common and financial opportunities finishing the legitimate agnosticism that is truly upsetting present day improvement. I compose following the demise in Butyrka jail of Sergei Magnitsky, an enemy of debasement legal advisor representing HSBC/Hermitage Capital in the $230m charge misrepresentation case. This case and the progressing second Khordokovsky preliminary are symbolic of basic imperfections in the Russian criminal equity framework and procuratura that have lead to the allegation and imprisonment of numerous honest people. Other significant cases show the gravity of the circumstance, including Gusinskiy v Russia, Ilascu and Others v Moldova and Russia, the initial six Chechen cases, Shamayev and 12 others v Russia and Georgia and Aleksanyan v Russia. Leutheusser-Schnarrenbergers ongoing PACE report on politicall

Babbitt essays

Babbitt articles The 1920s saw the ascent of the genuine American shopper. Without precedent for U.S. history a larger number of Americans lived in urban instead of provincial regions. The country succeeded all in all, yet the riches augmented the hole between the rich and poor people. It was during this time an incredible overflow of imaginative ability created specialists of different kinds who demonstrated the United States for being aesthetically desolate. Creators, for example, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Sinclair Lewis started to develop and along these lines Babbitt was conceived. Sinclair Lewis, the primary American to win the Nobel Prize for writing, made the genuine image of American life and qualities during the 1920s with his humorous character George F. Babbitt. Babbitt tells the story of a normal family living during the 1920s while precisely depicting American life and culture. With such an enthusiastic character as George Babbitt, it is hard for anybody not to appreciate this novel. Albeit a parody, Babbitt deals with numerous genuine circumstances which develop to Lewis postulation that regardless of how enthusiastically individuals attempt they can't change what their identity is. Through his utilization of detail, discourse, and portrayal Lewis can interest his perusers inwardly, mentally, and morally. The Roaring Twenties denoted a period of incredible success. Everybody in America was attempting to get a bit of the pie. Despite the fact that he was wealthy, Babbitt did anything he could to excel throughout everyday life, similarly as the vast majority do today. Sinclair Lewis attempts to make the normal American by making him a white collar class, materialistic, two-faced conventionalist. Lewis utilizes detail to make his character as genuine as could be expected under the circumstances; in certainty detail is utilized all through the novel with the goal that the story would be acceptable and simple to identify with. With numerous notices of jazz music, forbiddance, and assessments of womens most stylish trends being excessively short, the numerous subtleties in Babbitt influence perusers mentally on the grounds that they give the perusers a vibe for t... <!

New Student Photo Series 2012 Post#4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2012 Post#4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Photo submissions continue to roll in for our new student photo series.   If you are an incoming student and wish to share your photos on our blog, please review this entry for details on how to submit your photos. The first set of photos today was submitted by Christina Hawatmeh, an incoming MIA student. Helen Thomas stands to honor the late Anthony Shadid (whose whole family was present) at the Gala for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee’s National Convention (considered to be one of the largest political and social gatherings of Arab Americans in the country).   June 21-24, 2012 The photo is of GSAPP students and myself meeting with the Mayor of Abween, West Bank during The Riwaq Summer Internship Program, which was held for the first time during the month of August 2011. The program, led by GSAPP Adjunct Assistant Professor, Craig Konyk, involved nine GSAPP students working on the documentation, rehabilitation, and development of the architectural heritage of Deir Ghassaneh (Bani Zeid) in the West Bank, located approximately 25 kilometers northwest of Ramallah.   I was privileged to visit and develop the internship program as CUMERCs GSAPP Program Officer.   Photo was taken in Abween, West Bank The picture is with Amr Moussa, who most recently ran for Egyptian President.   Trip Sponsorship to Cairo as a participant as a US Youth Ambassador for the First Arab Expatriates Conference entitled, “A Bridge for Communication,” hosted by Secretary General (Dec. 2010).   Photo was taken at the Arab League Headquarters, Cairo, Egypt The second set of photos was submitted by Anne Bergman, an incoming MIA student. This photo was taken from our hot air balloon as we drifted from our launch site in the U.A.E. over the deserts of Oman. I took this photo on our final ascent to the summit of Kilimanjaro this past January.   As we rounded this bend we watched the sun rise over the massive glacier atop the mountain â€" phenomenal! Each Sunday, U.N. Peacekeepers (primarily of Pakistani origin), would cross the border from Goma, D.R.C. to neighboring Rwanda.   On this particular Sunday, they challenged a group of European travelers to a beach volleyball match.

New Student Photo Series 2012 Post#4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2012 Post#4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Photo submissions continue to roll in for our new student photo series.   If you are an incoming student and wish to share your photos on our blog, please review this entry for details on how to submit your photos. The first set of photos today was submitted by Christina Hawatmeh, an incoming MIA student. Helen Thomas stands to honor the late Anthony Shadid (whose whole family was present) at the Gala for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee’s National Convention (considered to be one of the largest political and social gatherings of Arab Americans in the country).   June 21-24, 2012 The photo is of GSAPP students and myself meeting with the Mayor of Abween, West Bank during The Riwaq Summer Internship Program, which was held for the first time during the month of August 2011. The program, led by GSAPP Adjunct Assistant Professor, Craig Konyk, involved nine GSAPP students working on the documentation, rehabilitation, and development of the architectural heritage of Deir Ghassaneh (Bani Zeid) in the West Bank, located approximately 25 kilometers northwest of Ramallah.   I was privileged to visit and develop the internship program as CUMERCs GSAPP Program Officer.   Photo was taken in Abween, West Bank The picture is with Amr Moussa, who most recently ran for Egyptian President.   Trip Sponsorship to Cairo as a participant as a US Youth Ambassador for the First Arab Expatriates Conference entitled, “A Bridge for Communication,” hosted by Secretary General (Dec. 2010).   Photo was taken at the Arab League Headquarters, Cairo, Egypt The second set of photos was submitted by Anne Bergman, an incoming MIA student. This photo was taken from our hot air balloon as we drifted from our launch site in the U.A.E. over the deserts of Oman. I took this photo on our final ascent to the summit of Kilimanjaro this past January.   As we rounded this bend we watched the sun rise over the massive glacier atop the mountain â€" phenomenal! Each Sunday, U.N. Peacekeepers (primarily of Pakistani origin), would cross the border from Goma, D.R.C. to neighboring Rwanda.   On this particular Sunday, they challenged a group of European travelers to a beach volleyball match.

Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart - 1129 Words

The most traumatizing and destructive statement someone can say is to â€Å"Be a Man.† As Carlos Gomez once stated, â€Å"So many men in this world (are) living in this sort of quiet desperation, confined in this box of toxic masculinity.† In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, some characters are the epitome of this toxic masculinity. Things Fall Apart shows the dimension of both Igbo people and culture, while highlighting the tale of a tragic hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo’s rise to glory was demonstrated by his humble beginnings and eye for prosperity. However, abundant cultural differences show how conflict emerges between individuals and what society expects of them. The novel also in part traces Okonkwo’s lack of emotional awareness as he murders his surrogate son while simultaneously criticizing his other biological son for being effeminate. Ultimately, Okonkwo’s obsession with masculinity sparked aggression between the white missionaries, and eventually he was driven to commit suicide. Chinua Achebe reveals that the overpowering theme of hyper masculinity portrays one as emotionally unacceptable, and although one ideal, the author demonstrates how heavy masculine qualities tear apart relationships and structure in life. All aspects of Okonkwo’s personality revolved around his masculinity, especially in farming. â€Å"Yam, the king of crops was a man’s crop† (19). Although the pursuit of yams at a young age contributed to his success, it also defined the standards of a â€Å"man’sShow MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern Nigeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his people. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1033 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Chinua Achebe is a famous Nigerian novelist in worldwide. Things fall apart is Chinua Achebe’s first novel published in 1958, the year after Ghana became the first African nation to gain independence. And this novel is one of the first African novels to gain worldwide recognition. (Phil Mongredien, 2010) This novel presents people a story of an African Igbo tribal hero, Okonkwo, from his growth to death. The fate of Okonkwo also indicates the fate of Africa caused by the colonizationRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart883 Words   |  4 Pagesdehumanize the native population and convince themselves that they are helping. Chinua Achebe’s book Things Fall Apart attempts to correct these misguided views of African societies by portraying a more complex culture that values peace, and the art of conversation. Achebe also tries to portray the idea that not all European people they come in contact with are aggressive, and misconstrued in their view of the African societ ies. Achebe tries to show us the value of his society through repeated views into conversationsRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1410 Words   |  6 PagesTeddy Manfre Ms. Blass ENG 209-001 April 24, 2017 Things Fall Apart In 1958, Chinua Achebe a famous Nigerian author publishes one of his most famous novels Things Fall Apart. The novel takes place in a Nigerian village called Umuofia. During the time that this novel is published Nigeria is being criticized by the Europeans for being uncivilized. In response, Achebe uses his brilliance in this novel to express the valued history of his people to his audience. His focus in the novel is on the pre-colonizedRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1015 Words   |  5 PagesIn his novel Things Fall Apart, author Chinua Achebe utilizes his distinctive writing style in order to accurately capture the culture and customs of the Igbo people despite writing his story in a foreign language. Five aspects of Achebe’s style that make his writing unique is the straightforward diction present in dialogue, the inclusion of native parables convey Igbo life authentically, the inclusion of native Igbo words and phrases, detailed descriptions of nature and the usage of figurative languageRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1702 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: Things Fall Apart Biographical information about the author: Chinua Achebe was born in Nigeria in 1930. He had an early career as a radio host, and later became the Senior Research Fellow at the University of Nigeria. After moving to America, he became an English professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Achebe has won numerous awards for his poetry and fiction, including the Man Booker prize and Commonwealth Poetry Price. He currently teaches at Bard College. Author: Chinua AchebeRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesCulture is an Important Element of Society Chinua Achebe is the author of when Things Fall Apart while Joseph Conrad authored Heart of Darkness. Conrad and Achebe set their individual titles in Africa; Achebe is an African writer whereas Conrad is Polish-British. The authors draw strength from their backgrounds to validity the authenticity of their fictional novels. Conrad writes from his experiences in the British and French navies while Achebe uses his African heritage. The theme of culture isRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1248 Words   |  5 PagesChris Lowndes Ms. Cook A.P.L.C. 21 October 2015 We Are Family: Hardships in One s Family in Things Fall Apart Specific attributes correlate with each other to help create or not create the ideal strong family. However, through those attributes arise conflicts and major disputes. This issue of trying to achieve and create a strong family is of immense importance in one’s life, especially in Chinua Achebe’s, Things Fall Apart, a milestone in African literature. For instance, the father leaves his legacyRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagescertain degree of the priest class, libation, holidays, creation stories, divine systems of punishments and rewards. In the novel, Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a story of tragic fall of a protagonist and the Igbo culture. Achebe demonstrates different examples and situations of where an African culture, in the instances of tribal religions, did certain things because of their tradition is and the way they developed into. African cultures pondered life mysteries and articulated theirRead Mo reChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1314 Words   |  6 PagesChinua Achebe masterpiece â€Å"Things Fall Apart† (1959) is the classic story of Okonkwo, a young man who strives to be revered by his village and family but because of his own internal character flaws meets his own demise. In the Igbo culture, family traditions are an important narrative throughout the novel. Okonkwo, the protagonist character of this story, begins with many attributes of what would be concluded as a hero with his cultural society. He is hard working, a material provider, feared and

Scope and Excitement of Physics - 1427 Words

PHYSICS,TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY. Technology and society or technology and culture refers to cyclical co-dependence, co-influence, co-production of technology and society upon the other (technology upon culture, and vice-versa). This synergistic relationship occurred from the dawn of humankind, with the invention of simple tools and continues into modern technologies such as the printing press and computers. The academic discipline studying the impacts of science, technology, and society and vice versa is called (and can be foundValues The implementation of technology influences the values of a society by changing expectations and realities. The implementation of technology is also influenced by values. There are (at least) three major,†¦show more content†¦Some technologies are designed specifically with the environment in mind, but most are designed first for economic or ergonomic effects. Historically, the value of a clean environment and more efficient productive processes has been the result of an increase in the wealth of society, because once people are able to provide for their basic needs, they are able to focus on less-tangible goods such as clean air and water. The effects of technology on the environment are both obvious and subtle. The more obvious effects include the depletion of nonrenewable natural resources (such as petroleum, coal, ores), and the added pollution of air, water, and land. The more subtle effects include debates over long-term effects (e.g., global warming, deforestation, natural habitat destruction, coastal wetland loss.) Each wave of technology creates a set of waste previously unknown by humans: toxic waste, radioactive waste, electronic waste. One of the main problems is the lack of an effective way to remove these pollutants on a large scale expediently. In nature, organisms recycle the wastes of other organisms, for example, plants produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis, oxygen-breathing organisms use oxygen to metabolize food, producing carbon dioxide as a by-product, which plants use in a process to make sugar, with oxygen as a waste inShow MoreRelatedSuggested Strategy for Central High School1295 Words   |  5 Pageswealth of options and knowledge and there is a support team behind them to help (Dell, 2012). A number of the IT professionals within the school district also contributed their expertise in guiding the project. There was a significant amount of excitement that some new technology was going to be in the student and teachers hands, and they were also willing to help even after the purchase to provide additional support. Using the premise to serve each classroom and then also provide additional re sourcesRead MoreRelationship Between Students Personality Traits and Their Academic Achievement4475 Words   |  18 Pagesinvolvement and the energy. Extraverts are sociable but sociability is not ore of the traits but in addition to liking people and preferring large group and gatherings extraverts are also assertive, talkative and active and they like stimulation and excitement and tend to be cheerful (Costa, McCrae Holland 1984). It is easy to convey the characteristics of the extraverts and the introvert is less easy to portray. In other respects introversion should be seen as the absence of extraversion ratherRead MoreSeven Environmental Principles2614 Words   |  11 Pageswith regard to circumstances: a state of confusion. 2. A condition of being in a stage or form, as of structure, growth, or development: the fetal state. 3. A mental or emotional condition: in a manic state. 4. Informal A condition of excitement or distress. 5. Physics The condition of a physical system with regard to phase, form, composition, or structure: Ice is the solid state of water. 6. Social position or rank. 7. Ceremony; pomp: foreign leaders dining in state at the White House. 8. a. TheRead MoreHistory And Current Model Of The Korean Educational System4572 Words   |  19 Pagesaccurate predictor of achievement than race, yet they are quick to point out that low income and racial minorities are still highly correlated. Conclusion 2: Education can breakdown barriers With so many barriers in existence that are outside of the scope of educational problem solving, every student should come into school knowing that every effort is being made to remove the barriers between them and quality education. While this may seem idealistic, especially to those who are in schools with theRead MoreCause and Impact Analysis on the Main Character’s Suffering in Elizabeth Gilbert’s Novel Eat, Pray, Love7348 Words   |  30 PagesChapter I INTRODUCTION In this chapter the researcher discussed about this study based on background of the study, problem statements of the study, purpose of the study, the significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and definition of key terms. All of them were included on the chapter one as fulfilled of the study. 1. Background of The Study Literature did not take itself to a single definition because the achieving of it over century has been as complex and naturalRead MoreBook to Study English for Chemistry12934 Words   |  52 Pagesphilosophy? 6. What is the main difference between sciences and humanities? 7. How do we call the scientists who specialise in the following fields of study? How are the names formed? ecology psychology anthropology chemistry 7 linguistics biology physics economy astronomy meteorology sociology political science mathematics history philosophy theology Are there any other words that can be formed from these words? Word Formation 1. Combine the words in brackets with suitable SUFFIXES to completeRead MoreThe Sonnet Form: William Shakespeare6305 Words   |  26 Pagesthe disease, Feeding on that which doth preserve the ill, The uncertain sickly appetite to please. My reason, the physician to my love, Angry that his prescriptions are not kept, Hath left me, and I desp’rate now approve Desire is death, which physic did except. Past cure am I, now reason is past care, And frantic mad with evermore unrest, My thoughts and my discourse as madmen’s are, At random from the truth vainly expressed;   Ã‚  Ã‚  For I have sworn thee fair and thought thee bright,   Ã‚  Ã‚  WhoRead MoreThe Influence of Instructional Facilities on Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Sapele Local Government Area of Delta State11042 Words   |  45 PagesQuestions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦6 Research Hypotheses†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦...7 Purpose of the study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...8 Assumption †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦...9 Significance of the study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦...9 Scope and delimitation of the study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦...10 Definition of terms †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....10 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Conceptual framework†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Instructional facilities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEmployment Turnover in Hospitality Industry in Hanoi8707 Words   |  35 Pagesknowledge reveals little information about this matter. This fact is a challenge as well as a motivation for our research group to carry out our own research on this issue, to discover the new knowledge horizon that has not been discovered. Our research scope is in Hanoi, where our research group is living. As Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam, it is the center of politics, culture and tourism. Thus Hanoi’s hospitality sector is fairly developed compared to other parts of the country. The audiences of ourRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesManaging the team 9.3.2 Team building activities 9.2.4 Virtual teams 9.3.3.1 Team performance [9.4.2.2] 9.4.2.3 Conflict management 9.3.2.6 Recognition and awards Defining the Project 4.1 Project charter 5.1 Gather requirements 5.2 Defining scope 5.3 Creating a WBS 5.4 Tools and techniques 6.1 Define activities 9.1.2. Responsibility matrixes 10.1 Communication planning (.2.3.4) [App. G-4] Chapter 12 Outsourcing 12.1.1 Procurement requirements [G.8] 12.1.2.3 Contract types 9.4.2.3 Conflict

From Hero to Zero - 1979 Words

Hero to Zero A tragic hero is of noble birth and is a great or virtuous character in a dramatic tragedy that is destine for suffering or defeat. Victor Frankenstein, a rich and highly educated man who questioned the role of God and created The Creature, soon abandons his creation and ends up getting a taste of his own medicine when all his loved ones are gone and he is left all alone. Victor learned his lesson after creating The Creature because then he is punished eternally for his actions of exploring the secrets of creation. Victor Frankenstein came from a wealthy and powerful family. Victor experiences a peaceful and happy childhood in Switzerland. He had a loving family who adored him and his cousin Elizabeth. Frankenstein was highly educated and was amazed when he read books about science. The death of his mother really took a toll on his life. His mother died when he attended the University of Germany which is where he started thinking about how he wanted to eliminate diseases since his mother died from a disease. Then he kept thinking and questioned the role of God and wondered if he could create life, which is how The Creature was made. When the Creature was alive Victor took one look at it and was disgusted by its image and ran away from it. After Victor creates the Creature he suffers from illness lasting months and the Creature goes into the woods. When Victor returns home he finds out that his younger brother has been murdered. Justine who is a friend ofShow MoreRelatedFrom Zero to Hero1425 Words   |  6 PagesFrom Zero to Hero Throughout history, many people have risen and fallen in power due to their weaknesses and strengths. 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God is so extraordinary thatRead MoreCritical Thinking Of The Grand Budapest Hotel1102 Words   |  5 PagesBudapest Hotel consists of a prologue, five parts, and an epilogue. The film features many successful actors, but the main story revolves around an interesting narration of Zero Moustafa (played by F Murray Abraham, but embodied in younger years by Tony Revolori), who encounters the Author (starred by Tom Wilkinson and Jude Law). Zero reveals the secret of how he became the owner of the Grand Budapest’s Hotel. The film draws attention to such themes as crime, love, the family revolts, prison breaks, policeRead MoreHoles By Louis Sachar : A Unique And Dynamic Piece Of Children s Literature962 Words   |  4 PagesStanley does not come off as an exciting character, at first he could even be considered rather dull. Until after the twentieth century it was the standard to make all heroes representations of masculinity (Simon 155). Stanley is a good example of a hero that isn’t excessively manly, he is timid and content. Interestingly his nickname at camp was Caveman. This name would suggest a very masculine nature. However, he is not wild or strong, he is chubby and insecure. Stanley also never seems to have luckRead MoreBeginning to the Great Alaskan Race826 Words   |  3 Pagesantiserum. So twenty dogs sled teams relayed the serum from the town of Nenana to Nome. The hardships of the dogs and mushers went through along with the hero dogs, and teams of mushers and dogs will forever be alive in Alaskan history.This journey is a gratifying accomplishment and a proud moment in Alaskan history. There were twenty teams of dogs varying from seven dogs to twenty-three dogs with a total of over a hundred dogs running from town to town carrying a life saving serum to the peopleRead MoreMarketing Audit: Coke Zero1125 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing audit: Coke Zero Positioning strategy The American soda manufacturer Coca-Cola has been under widespread criticism for contributing to the worlds obesity epidemic. However, the company also offers many diet beverages to whet consumers appetites. The health benefits of diet beverages are somewhat controversial in the scientific community, regarding weight gain, and some research indicates that consumers who drink more diet beverages actually weigh more (Diet sweeteners increase weightRead More Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman is A Modern Tragedy Essay1044 Words   |  5 Pagesto be defined by his basic observations. It was not until the modern age that playwrights began to deviate somewhat from the basic tenets of Aristotelian tragedy and, in doing so, began to create plays more recognizable to the common people and, thereby, less traditional. Even so, upon examination, the basic plot structure of some modern tragedies actually differs very little from that of the ancient classics. In spite of its modernity, Arthur Mi llers great twentieth-century tragedy, Death of aRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Sophocles Antigone1521 Words   |  7 PagesAn Aristotelian tragic hero is a literary character who makes a judgment that ultimately leads to his or her own destruction. An example of a true Aristotelian tragic hero is Creon from Sophocles’ play, Antigone. Creon is the tragic hero because he goes through the five stages of a tragic hero which leads to his destruction. His tragic flaw is him being afraid to admit that he has made a mistake. He is too proud of his power and his ability to make laws which leads to his son and wife committingRead MoreThe Movie The Nightmare Before Christmas 1701 Words   |  7 Pagestrail back farther than five thousand Before Common Era. The question that goes through all minds at some point, however, is what makes a hero? Joseph Campbell wrote his theory of The Hero’s Journey in which he describes the path the hero will tread and the trials and tribulations ahead of them. That is not to say that there are not multiple ways to go about a hero tale, there are various kinds of heroes, which all change the story. There are tragic heroes, classic heroes, epic heroes, and more. InRead MoreThe True Success Behind Ms. Marvel923 Words   |  4 Pagesparents, has that one friend who has a secret crush but is never noticed, a small group of friends, and the desire to be able to fit in with the â€Å"popular† kids at school. This story isn’t just about how any other every day person became to become zero to hero. The true success behind Ms. Marvel is because it s something different Marvel Comics brings to the readers they don t usually see comparing to previous superheros. They didn’t only bring an urban legend back .. Even before Kamala came along

Davos Declaration on Climate Change free essay sample

FREDERICK PAPPOE| CTH STUDENT NUMBER: 21565| | SUBJECT: SUSTAINABLE TOURISM AND DESTINATION MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT| INTRODUCTION Climate change has being a major concern and challenge for many countries across the globe, especially for the developing countries. The tourism industry is a major contributor to the emission of GHG, and all nations and economic sectors will have to contend with the challenges of climate change, through adaptation and mitigation. Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, derived especially from the transportation and accommodations of the tourist. The aircraft which burns fossil fuel, the coaches, cars, machineries all emits carbon dioxide (co2) and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. All these transportation means contribute intensively to climate. Some studies have shown that air transport emits 2-3% of the GHG. Transport by air, road and rail is continuously increasing in response to the rising number of international tourist. Carbon dioxide and monoxides from tourist transports has contributed to severe local air pollution, some of these impacts are quite specific to tourist activities, for example, some tour buses carrying tourist in some destinations often leave their motors running for hours while the tourists go out for an excursion, because they want to return to a comfortably air-conditioned bus, all these contributes to the climate change. We will write a custom essay sample on Davos Declaration on Climate Change or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also the accommodation sector such as the hotels, inns, and so many more has also contributed squarely to the GHG emissions, through the use energy from heating to cooling etc. Even though most hotels are helping to conserve power and energy, some hotel guest will rather prefer to ignore all these sustainable energy practises such as opening the windows whiles the air-conditioning is working. Even though most hotels have standby generators, it is still not suitable for the environment because it is powered by fossil fuel, which emits harmful gases. This essay is going to look at how France cuts down energy use and adopts the actions of the Davos declaration. CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE DAVOS DECLARATION Climate is the average weather condition of a place over a particular or long period of time. The tourism industry and destinations are clearly sensitive to climate variability and change. Climate defines the length and quality of tourism seasons and plays a major role in destination choice and tourist spending. The tourism industry relies extensively on the climate of a destination to promote tourism in that destination, for example in some cold countries like Switzerland and Ukraine; tourist depends on the snow for their ski holiday. But several tourism activities affect the climate from tourist transportations to accommodation, making tourism a major contributor to climate change through its GHG emissions. Even though tourism is a major contribution to climate change, it can also play a significant role in addressing climate change, if all innovations and resources are fully mobilize and oriented towards this goal, thus the coming together of The United Nation World Tourism Organization(UNWTO), jointly with the United Nation Environmental Program (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) with the help of the World Economic Forum(WEF) and the Swiss government organized the second international conference on climate change and tourism in Davos, Switzerland from 1st to 3rd October 2007, the conference agreed on several reasons to help respond to climate change and reduce the GHG emissions if the tourism is to develop in a sustainable way BACKGROUND OF COUNTRY The essays looks at France and how it is adopting the actions of Davos declaration, located in Western Europe, and it is also the largest country in Western Europe. France has over 60 million tourist visits each year, making the country one of the largest tourist destination in the world if not number one. Many people or tourist visits France for its exceptional cuisines and famous chefs, also for its high sense of fashion and designer garments, cobblestoned streets, cuisines, beautiful sceneries, cycling sports, history and culture, above all the breath-taking architecture, it is a perfect holiday paradise for most tourists who are found of good food, wine and music. Paris the capital of France offers attractions such the Louvre museum and also beautiful art works along the seine river, this makes France the most popular country in terms of tourist arrival, according to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) HOW FRANCE IS MITIGATING THE GHG EMISSION FROM THE TOURISM SECTOR, ESPECIALLY FROM TRANSPORTATION AND ACCOMODATION ACTIVITIES The UN defines mitigation concerning climate change as a human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of GHG, France as a nation and tourist destination, is largely concern and taking actions to reduce its GHG emissions from transportation and accommodations, France being a member of the Kyoto protocol, Transportation In February 2009, the French government launched the fourth PREDIT programme. This program with a budget of approximately 400 million euro will run from 2009-12. This program is helping to finance projects that reduce Co2 emissions, improve data on pollution and in long term coordinate research into energy efficient, low or zero carbon dioxide emitting vehicles particularly trucks. France transportation system is mostly made up of all the major modes of transport, air, road, rail and water transports, but mostly, air and road transport contributes very much to climate change. France as a major tourist destination in the world has increase the use of comfortable public transportation system, linking the capital to other part of the country. This method helps to reduce vehicle ownership per individual, and this helps to decrease GHG emissions per vehicle. The use of renewable energy, increase use of bio-fuels such as diesel and the newly invented ethanol fuel in major cities in France helps to reduce transport CO2 emissions Also the use of electric transportation, such as the re-introduction of the tram which operates in Marseille, Lille, Saint Etienne and other cities in France uses electricity, an example of this type of transport is the Eurotram in Strasbourg. Effective urban planning in Paris, Nice, and other cities in France helps to reduce sprawl, which decreases Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMT) lowering emissions from transports. Also the introduction of the carbon task for the 2010 national budget, under which France will bill â‚ ¬17 for every metric ton of CO2, emitted, Speed limiting is another method used by almost all European countries including France to reduce CO2 emissions. Accommodation The introduction of the financial law in 2009 by the French government ontains various provisions to increase financing for energy ef ficiency investments. Example of such is the creation of the eco-loan for energy efficient renovations which provides a zero interest loan programme for major renovation activities and building activities, the aim is for energy savings to allow repayment of the loans capital, activities that can be covered under the loan includes; thermal insulation for roofs, exterior walls, also the installation of heating or hot water systems using renewable energy. The loan is limited to about 30. 000 euro. Most major hotels in France employed solar energy and wind power to assist in power generation. During winter when the sunshine is less, for powering the solar panels, heat pump powered by electricity is used to provide heating. Hotel les Orangeries, Auberge les liards and other hotels in France use the solar panel to power the kitchen and rooms; also the original building of the hotel has been renovated with hemp insulation, lime and natural paint, to help cool the rooms. Also the efficient use of energy efficient light bulbs in the hotels helps to reduce the use of energy in the hotels. Also most hotels in France, provide thick draw curtains to keep the heat in the rooms during colder months and on hot days, draw curtains to keep the heat out, this helps to reduce the use of the air-condition, to reduce energy. Most hotels also switch off appliances in unused or unoccupied rooms to conserve energy. Also effective urban planning with attractive side walks, make walking and cycling more attractive, an the concentration of hotels within walking distance of town centres, shopping malls, attractions, makes walking very exciting thereby reducing the use of vehicles which emits gases. ADAPTATION OF TOURISM BUSINESSES AND DESTINATIONS TO CHANGING CLIMATE CONDITIONS The tourism industry is highly sensitive to climate variability and change; climate is the fundamental of tourist travel, because it affects several major environmental resources that are critical attractions for tourism, e. g. now conditions, water levels and quality etc, climate can also deter a tourist from visiting a particular destination. Regardless of all these greenhouse gas emission reduction efforts, there is also the need for every tourism business and destinations society to adapt to the changes in climates that can not avoid ed, this will help to reduce any unnecessary risk, and also to take advantages of new opportunities in all manner of sustainability. The French mountains are leader in term of winter sports; people from all countries come to the French Alps to ski, ski operators in France as a necessity, employ technological adaptations to climate change by artificial snow making to maintain good snow efficiency and also the creation of indoor skiing domes. In order to increase revenue, many winter resorts propose new activities that are not necessarily linked to snow; examples include spas, indoor sports because not everyone who visits a ski resort ski or occasionally, Most tour operators or companies in France adapts to changing climate by employing the product and market diversification strategy and advertising new and exciting places in order to create a balance in the travel pattern, they also prefer using public transports to take tourist on tour around the country than the company’s vehicles. The tourism industry also provides public education campaigns to educate the public on climate change, and also green house emission offset programs. Most tourism businesses such as hotels, travel and tour agencies, airlines etc in France have insurance covers, emergency plans and so many more in case of any unforeseen event. Hotels also educate their staffs on best sustainable practises The French government also provide an accurate and effective weather forecasting and early warning systems, to help predict and address any unforeseen event. Also the government creates of management plans, to address climate change. France is implementing pro active measures than reactive measures, by integrating the tourism sector into other government polices, for example disaster management, or land use planning, environmental impact assessments. APPLYING EXISTING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY Improving energy efficiency through technology is another mechanism to reduce energy demand and also reduce the emissions of aviation as well. Investing in green technology today can provide economic and environmental benefit in the future. The use of renewable energy, including wind, solar thermal, geothermal, biomass and so many more can help to improve energy. In term of architecture, most buildings and hotels in France are constructed using passive solar design or uses solar panel, example is the Orri de Planes hotel, also Les Cygnes Holiday Home in France introduce the carbon neutralisation mechanism to generate energy. Insulation is also another form of improving energy efficiency in building. In France fibreglass or laine de verre, hemp or chanvre panel and also some other materials are sandwiched between the building walls which keeps the house or room cool during the summer and as well as warm during winter, due to their ability to transfer and retain heat. The introduction of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and electric rail transports in Paris-Lyon and other cities in France has improve energy efficiency and also proven to reduce GHG emissions. Also the increase use of bio-fuel e. g. ethanol fuel and bio diesel will improve energy efficiency if produced environmentally friendly manner. In France the city of Lille turns biomass into enough methane gas to power about a third of its buses. Plans are also underway to introduce new technologies such as hydrogen fuel for cars to reduce consumptions of petroleum and emission of CO2. HOW FRANCE SECURES FINANCIAL RESOURCES TO ASSIST REGIONS AND COUNTRIES IN NEED. France, like many other developed countries is helping in assisting regions and destinations to fight climate change, many of these destinations are developing countries in need. A typical example of many of such destination is Nigeria, and France is assisting Nigeria in mitigating the effects of climate change on the environment. The introduction of the Robin Hood Tax also known as Financial Transaction Tax which is a tiny tax (0. 05%) that would be levied on all financial market transactions in order to raise funds for fighting poverty and climate change at home and abroad. It could levy transactions involving stocks, bonds, foreign exchange and derivatives including trade of futures options related to stock, interest rate securities, currencies and commodities. The tax is limited to transactions between financial markets actors, ordinary consumer transactions such as payment for goods, pay checks and cross border remittances are not included. According to a school of thoughts, this global transaction tax of 0. 5% could yield around $650 billion a year, even after a drastic reduction of market activities as a result of the tax. These revenues will help fill the shortfall for achieving the millennium development goals and also supporting developing countries in their quest to adapt to climate change and build ing a green economy. CONCLUSION The tourism industry must also play a significant role in addressing this climate changes as part of the major commitment to sustainable tourism process and the attainment of United Nations Millennium Development Goals, by reducing GHG emissions. This essay has shown that there will be many cost associated with climate adaptation, regardless of the success to mitigate GHG emissions by the international community. The essay has shown where France has reached in terms of battling climate change and how it is adopting the actions of the declaration, by adapting, mitigating and employing new technology to assist in reducing the effect of the climate change, and also securing financial resources to fund other regions and countries in need. REFERENCES Change: understanding, anticipation, adapting, participating in the common effort. (Online) http:// www. un. org Energy efficiency policies (online) viewed 28 May 2011 www. iea. org/textbase/pm/? mode=pmid=4298action=detail Gonzales, R, (February 18, 2011) Mitigation and Adaptation of climate change, viewed 23 May 2011, http://www. llvoices. com/contrubuted-news/8228847-mitigation-and-adaptation-of-climate-change. Gossling. S. Hall, C. M. (2006) an introduction to tourism and global environmental change, London, Routledge Predit (May 20, 2011) Experimentation and innovation in land transportation, viewed 28 may 2011, http://www. predit. prd. fr/predi t4/english. html Robin Hood Tax http://www. robinhoodtax. ca/howitworks viewed 27 May 2011 Scott, D. (2006). Climate change and sustainable tourism in the 21st century. In:J. Cukier (Ed), tourism Research: Policy, planning, and prospects United Nations World Tourism Organisation (2007). Tourism Development and Climate

My Childhood free essay sample

I was only child so I spent a lot of time with my parents. Of all the memories there are unforgettable events that took place in my childhood. All of these events brought me joy and happiness and†¦sadness. Some of the great memories in my childhood were sculpted during my time at pre-school. I think the childhood memories in the kindergarten was the most impression memory in my mind. I have never forgotten the first day when I went to the school. I was three years old, my father took me to there. Everything was very strange to me. I didn’t know everybody. Then I saw many children cried. They didn’t want to leave their parents. When my Dad left I didn’t cry, I just stood in a corner and thought about my Mom, I missed her very much. I didn’t want to leave her, but I needed to go to school. We will write a custom essay sample on My Childhood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page During these years I learned about relationships, began my formal education and developed my moral sense of right and wrong. I learned how to respond to others based the treatment I am given. If I am loved, then I know how to love others. When I was about five years old, my Dad gave me a present : a bicycle. I still remember how excited I was. Riding a bike makes exercise fun. It encourages outdoor play that I like much I think that a person’s childhood years are the most important. These years determine what kind of a person the child will become. No one knows me as well as my parents, especially my Dad. No one wants the best for me like my parents. My Dad would invite children over to play with me. Over the years, I have become very close to these children. They like my family. We celebrate holidays and birthdays together. My father usually told me the stories : Lion’s King, the Fox and the Stork, the Shepherd boy, ect†¦ before I go to bed. Those are the lessons about family, friendship, right and wrong,†¦ He taught me learning Enghlish, swimming, and climbing trees to pluck fruits on summer vacations. On Tet’s days, I have given red envelopes filled with lucky money, called â€Å"li xi†. This greeting ritual and â€Å"li xi† is also known as â€Å"Mung tuoi†. I was born and have grown up in the education of my father and in the tender loving care of my mother. I have spent my hold childhood in the love and affection of my dear ones with so many sweet memories. And then†¦. life is not a pink picture ! When I was a child of about six years old, an incident so impress me that it leaves an indelible mark on me One of my most terrible time was a Saturday afternoon. I remember it like yesterday. My Mom and I were all waiting patiently for my Dad to come home from his office. He had promised me that he would take me walking with the bubbles. The minutes felt like hours. It was the longest hour of my life. Mom and I ran to the front door anxiously waiting for the news†¦ I didn’t know what happens ? I was scared to think because I was so   worried of the slow coming of my Dad. Do you ever think back on those people whom you’ve loved and cared about but who are no longer in your life ? The afternoon sunlight has gone†¦and my father has been lost forever! I didn’t believe that was the truth. Everybody was mercy and crying†¦ My Mom looked at me when it was our turn to say our final good – bye my Dad. Do you ever think back on those people whom you’ve loved and cared about but they are no longer in your life ? I cried and shouted â€Å" Mom, where is my Dad †¦? Please find him and bring him here†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and I did not stop waiting patiently for my Dad to come back home. And then†¦. eople said   â€Å"It is a funeral† This was the first time in my life that I faced fear and desperation. The night has fallen, I missed my Dad terribly, missed him heartbreakingly! How could I tell you about all of these longings I had. My heart ached for him. I felt extremely helpless! When situation gets me down, I re member that there is someone in Heaven who loves me so much and watches over me. That is my Father! I understand that the precious things, we can never keep. Anything, let it be! Buddha taught that â€Å" All life is full of suffering because we try to hold on to things which must pass away† That’s right! I think so. THE CHILDHOOD AND THE FAMILY As you remember the good times, the fun, the understanding and love felt and shared – as a feelings stir to life all over again and then the childhood memories with family are special for everyone I was born and brought up in a small family which included my father, my mother and I. We lived very happily and harmoniously. My father was a government servant and my mother was a well-known teacher. They were very well connected and they had many friends . We have been living in the center of Ho Chi Minh city . I was only child so I spent a lot of time with my parents. Of all the memories there are unforgettable events that took place in my childhood. All of these events brought me joy and happiness and†¦sadness. Some of the great memories in my childhood were sculpted during my time at pre-school. I think the childhood memories in the kindergarten was the most impression memory in my mind. I have never forgotten the first day when I went to the school. I was three years old, my father took me to there. Everything was very strange to me. I didn’t know everybody. Then I saw many children cried. They didn’t want to leave their parents. When my Dad left I didn’t cry, I just stood in a corner and thought about my Mom, I missed her very much. I didn’t want to leave her, but I needed to go to school. During these years I learned about relationships, began my formal education and developed my moral sense of right and wrong. I learned how to respond to others based the treatment I am given. If I am loved, then I know how to love others. When I was about five years old, my Dad gave me a present : a bicycle. I still remember how excited I was. Riding a bike makes exercise fun. It encourages outdoor play that I like much I think that a person’s childhood years are the most important. These years determine what kind of a person the child will become. No one knows me as well as my parents, especially my Dad. No one wants the best for me like my parents. My Dad would invite children over to play with me. Over the years, I have become very close to these children. They like my family. We celebrate holidays and birthdays together. My father usually told me the stories : Lion’s King, the Fox and the Stork, the Shepherd boy, ect†¦ before I go to bed. Those are the lessons about family, friendship, right and wrong,†¦ He taught me learning Enghlish, swimming, and climbing trees to pluck fruits on summer vacations. On Tet’s days, I have given red envelopes filled with lucky money, called â€Å"li xi†. This greeting ritual and â€Å"li xi† is also known as â€Å"Mung tuoi†. I was born and have grown up in the education of my father and in the tender loving care of my mother. I have spent my hold childhood in the love and affection of my dear ones with so many sweet memories. And then†¦. life is not a pink picture ! When I was a child of about six years old, an incident so impress me that it leaves an indelible mark on me One of my most terrible time was a Saturday afternoon. I remember it like yesterday. My Mom and I were all waiting patiently for my Dad to come home from his office. He had promised me that he would take me walking with the bubbles. The minutes felt like hours. It was the longest hour of my life. Mom and I ran to the front door anxiously waiting for the news†¦ I didn’t know what happens ? I was scared to think because I was so   worried of the slow coming of my Dad. Do you ever think back on those people whom you’ve loved and cared about but who are no longer in your life ? The afternoon sunlight has gone†¦and my father has been lost forever! I didn’t believe that was the truth. Everybody was mercy and crying†¦ My Mom looked at me when it was our turn to say our final good – bye my Dad. Do you ever think back on those people whom you’ve loved and cared about but they are no longer in your life ? I cried and shouted â€Å" Mom, where is my Dad †¦? Please find him and bring him here†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and I did not stop waiting patiently for my Dad to come back home. And then†¦. people said   â€Å"It is a funeral† This was the first time in my life that I faced fear and desperation. The night has fallen, I missed my Dad terribly, missed him heartbreakingly! How could I tell you about all of these longings I had. My heart ached for him. I felt extremely helpless! When situation gets me down, I remember that there is someone in Heaven who loves me so much and watches over me. That is my Father! I understand that the precious things, we can never keep. Anything, let it be! Buddha taught that â€Å" All life is full of suffering because we try to hold on to things which must pass away† That’s right! I think so.

Graduate School Personal Statements

Graduate School Personal Statements One of the most important aspects of the graduate school personal statement is its presentation. While the content of any admissions essay is easily the most important factor, how the student chooses to presents his or her composition is also significant. If you are currently working on a graduate school personal statement, I strongly suggest that you take a moment to decide how you plan to present your submission. Creativity in Graduate School Personal Statements One of the biggest mistakes that many students make when submitting their admissions application packet is not putting any creative thought into their presentations. Most students, in fact, do nothing more than fill out the written application form, enclose their typed graduate school personal statements, and then toss it in the mail. That is why application packets that are uniquely designed and/or that showcase an applicants desire to go the extra mile typically receive further attention. There are many ways you can creatively present your graduate school personal statements. One way is to personally design the cover page. You can do this with a creative piece of artwork or the attachment of a personal photo. No matter what your design ideas, putting any creative effort into your cover page is an excellent way to get any readers attention. Whether you enclose your admissions packet in a uniquely designed folder, or present your admissions essay complete with photos and/or hand drawn illustrations, any additional effort you put fourth toward the overall presentation of your personal statement is certain to win you some extra points. If you would like more tips on enhancing graduate school personal statements, please dont hesitate to contact me.

Recession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recession - Essay Example Inflation is the general rise in the prices of goods and services over a certain period of time. Higher rates of inflation lead to smaller percentages of goods and services that can be purchased with same amount of money. Inflation occurs due to reasons like varied increment in cost production, national debts, and high energy costs (Knoop 69). During inflation periods, people cut out leisure spending, the overall spending and begin saving more than before. As individuals and businesses curtail expenditures, the GDP declines. Unemployment rates, on the other hand, rise as companies lay off employees to cut costs (Knoop 99). These combinations of factors cause the economy to fall into recession. In the last few years, the US have been in a recession. The issue was experienced in 2008 after the irrational exuberance in the housing market had directed most people to purchase houses they could not afford. This happened because everyone thought the prices of housing were likely to increase. Unfortunately, the bubble busted in 2006 as the housing prices started coming down (Knoop 104). The shock caught many homeowners who had taken loans with little money to purchase houses unaware. After realizing they were likely to experience losses by selling houses for less than their mortgage, they foreclosed. The shoot up foreclosure rate made most banks and hedge funds to panic. Consequently, those who had bought mortgage-backed securities on the secondary market began realizing they were facing massive losses. Banks began fearing to lend each other by 2007 due to the urge to evade the toxic loans as collateral. What followed was the $700 billion bail out and high unemployment rate in 20 08. The economic stimulus plan was launched in 2009 by the US government to spend $185 billion (Knoop 213). It led to alteration of four quarter decline in GDP by Q3 in the same year hence ending the recession. However, high unemployment rates persisted up to 2011

Create 5 paragraph ( 5 sentences each) essay that contains a thesis

Create 5 paragraph ( 5 sentences each) that contains a thesis statement - Essay Example In 1980s, three-quarters of the crude oil refined in the U.S. refineries was from local sources, only 25 percent was imported (Montgomery 43). Currently, those trends are reversed. In a relatively quick period of time, only approximately 35 percent of that crude oil is produced locally while 65 percent is imported from foreign markets (Montgomery 46). To compound the problem, emerging Asian markets are contending for more of the global oil supply, and that pushes up the global price of oil. The government has not constructed any new refinery since 1976 (Montgomery 78). To meet the increasing demand for gasoline, America now imports a million barrels of refined gasoline each day. That means about one out of every nine gallons of gas available at the pump is developed in a far-off country. Not only is America dependent on foreign sources of oil, it is becoming more dependent on foreign sources of gasoline. America is one the highest consumer of oil globally. The addiction of the American customs on oil is evident not only from the sheer volume it consumes – the highest in the world- but also from its consumption per person, which outstrips that of any other comparable country. It is double that of northern Europeans. Despite having plentiful supplies of coal, enough to last 250 years, and being the biggest producer of nuclear energy, American is overly dependent on oil for its various industries. For instance, over 96 percent of its transportation is dependent on oil (Montgomery 140). In conclusion, America is too dependent on foreign oil since it has not been self-sufficient in oil since 1950s. The USA continues to be the world’s biggest importer of oil, accounting for around one quarter of total world imports. Nevertheless, there is no viewpoint of the want for imported oil declining in the foreseeable future; indeed all projections forecast an increase. Domestic production is declining while

Energy Security For India Environmental Sciences Essay

Energy Security For India Environmental Sciences Essay India stands on the verge of achieving its dream of being a world power today as her economy races ahead seemingly unstoppable. Though we have been able to achieve food security to feed our burgeoning population, the hunger of our economy is yet to be satiated. A growing economy demands energy an uninterrupted supply of energy. Today in this world of competing economies, the conflict of securing means of energy within the rising economy of the world has the potential of being the spark needed to ignite a new world war. No country produces enough energy in the required forms to satisfy its energy needs, thus we are facing the possibility of conflict as each nation tries to nudge out the other from the energy producing areas of the world in order to ensure a continuous supply of energy. India today faces this formidable challenge of not only meeting her energy needs but also providing adequate varied energy of desired quality to the users at a reasonable cost in a sustainable manner. With an economic growth of 8-10 percent sought after, the quality quantity of energy required is only going to increase exponentially. 4. As India looks to the future and aims to secure her rightful place in the emerging new world order, it is imperative for the nation to understand and plan for a secure energy environment to cater for sustained economic growth. Energy security will play a pivotal role around which Indias rapid progress and development may be sustained in the foreseeable future. It is incumbent on each one of us to have sufficient knowledge of the complexities of this issue which will play such an important role in our day to day lives in the years to come. 7. There are certain terms and definitions which are peculiar to the concept of Energy Security. The term Energy Security itself is yet to get a single definition and various interpretations of this term abound. The following few terms relevant to the syndicate research effort are clarified in the subsequent paragraphs. 8. Energy Security. Energy security can be defined as The continuous availability of energy in varied forms in sufficient quantities at reasonable price This definition of energy security implies the following:- (a) Energy should be provided to all citizens and if this is not possible, then it is not a sustainable situation for a country. (b) Energy security requires that the lifeline energy needs of the nation are met in full. Lifeline energy is the basic necessity of a person to live. (c) Demand of energy backed by the ability to pay by whole strata of society should be fully met. (d) Safe and convenient energy is desirable as use of traditional fuels such as wood or cow dung cakes lead to indoor air pollution which has adverse impact on the health of women and children. (e) Energy is required in different forms to meet different needs. Energy in one form cannot be easily substituted by other forms. If we try this substitution, it would cost a lot of money and quality of the end product also goes down. For example, using kerosene for lighting houses instead of electricity. (f) Energy should be available at all times. An interruption in this chain imposes high cost on the economy. (g) To ensure energy security at all times, shocks and disruptions should be anticipated. A country should have the ability to absorb these shocks or disruptions. 9. The Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Shri M.M.Deora, delivered a speech in the Shell Distinguished Lectures Series at Rice University, in Houston, Texas, U.S.A. on 31 March 2006. During this speech, he defined energy security in the Indian context as the assurance of energy supply to all Indian citizens at affordable cost at all times with a prescribed confidence level considering shocks and disruptions that can be expected.  [2]   10. In our context, the above definition could be further modified. In India, energy security can be defined as follows We are energy secure when we can supply lifeline energy to all our citizens irrespective of their ability to pay for it as well as meet their effective demand for safe and convenient energy to satisfy their various needs at competitive prices, at all times and with prescribed confidence level considering shocks and disruptions that can be reasonably expected.  [3]   11. Relevant Terminologies. (a) Energy Independence. The condition in which a country is not beholden to foreign nations or fluctuations of the market in meeting its energy needs. Most countries would like to have a greater degree of energy independence. (b) Energy Interdependence. The idea that oil producers and consumers are mutually dependent on one another. An appreciation of interdependence is an important component in the evolving conception of energy security. (c) Resilience. Resilience as the term itself implies, refers to a security margin that would allow a country to absorb any minor shocks to its energy supply and facilitate recovery after disruptions. Global Energy Situation 12. For the first time since 1998, global primary energy consumption fell in 2009, but like the broader economic downturn, changes varied greatly across regions. With consumption falling, energy prices declined in 2009, though again the pattern varied by fuel. Oil prices began the year below $40 per barrel, and increased steadily during the year as Oil Producing and Exporting Countries (OPEC) production cuts were greater than the decline in consumption. Natural gas in competitive markets fell sharply and remained weak through most of the year due to falling consumption, continued development of unconventional resources in the US and rising Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) supply. Coal prices also fell and then started to recover, while displaying regional variety. The recession and now, hopefully, the recovery, has taught us how interlinked the world really is.  [4]   13. Oil. Global oil consumption declined by 1.2 million barrels per day (b/d), or 1.7percent, the largest decline since 1982. China, India and Middle Eastern countries accounted for all of the non- Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) growth. Global oil production dropped even more rapidly than consumption, falling by 2 million b/d, or 2.6 percent, the largest drop, again, since 1982. OPEC production cuts implemented late in 2008 were maintained throughout 2009, resulting in a decline of 2.5 million b/d, or 7.3 percent. Every OPEC member participating in the production-cutting agreement reduced output in 2009. OPECs Middle Eastern members accounted for nearly 75 percent of the overall reductions. Oil production outside OPEC grew by 0.9 percent or 450,000b/d. Non-OECD capacity surpassed OECD capacity for the first time. The Asia-Pacific region accounted for more than 80 percent of the global growth, largely due to increases in India (+19.5percent, or 580,000b/d ) and China (+10.5percent, or 820,000b/d). Global crude runs fell along with oil consumption, declining by 1.5 million b/d, or 2 percent. The proved oil resources and oil consumption by the region are enumerated in the map and graph :- 14. Natural Gas. Globally, natural gas was the fuel that experienced the most rapid decline in consumption, falling by 2.1 percent, the largest decline on record. Consumption declined in all regions except the Middle East and Asia Pacific. Russia had the worlds largest decline (in volumetric terms), with consumption falling by 6.1percent. OECD consumption fell by 3.1 percent, the largest decline since 1982; the decline in the US was a relatively modest 1.5 percent, as weak prices improved gass competitive standing against other fuels. Iran saw the worlds largest volumetric consumption growth, while Indian consumption growth of 25.9 percent was the highest among major countries in percentage terms. Global gas production declined for the first time on record. Production fell sharply in Russia (-12.1 percent) and Turkmenistan (-44.8 percent), driven by declining consumption in Russia and much of the rest of Europe and the availability in Europe of competitively priced liquefied natura l gas (LNG).  [5]  Continued expansion of unconventional supplies allowed the US to record the worlds largest increase in production for the third consecutive year, surpassing Russia as the worlds largest producer. Production in the Middle East and Asia Pacific also increased, driven by growth in Iran, Qatar, India and China. The proved natural gas reserves of the world are shown below:- 15. Coal. World coal consumption was essentially flat in 2009, the weakest year since 1999. For the first time since 2002 , coal was not the fastest growing fuel in the world. The OECD and the former Soviet Union experienced the steepest decline on record, while the growth elsewhere was near average, largely due to above average growth in China, which accounted for 46.9 percent of global coal consumption.  [6]  Today coal accounts for 23.3 percent of the worlds energy demands and this figure is likely to increase by 60 percent by 2030. 16. Nuclear Fuel. Global nuclear power generation declined by 1.3 percent a third consecutive annual decline. Lower output in Europe and Eurasia as well as North America,outweighed increases in Asia Pacific.  [7]  Nuclear fuel contributes to only 6.8 percent of global energy requirements; however, this is likely to see a sharp rise by 2030. 17. Hydroelectricity. Hydroelectricity output grew by a below average 1.5 percent which was non the less sufficient to make it the worlds most rapidly growing major fuel in 2009. Growth was led by China Brazil and the USA. USAs Energy Policies and their Impact on India 18. The first decade of the new millennium has seen the energy interests of India and the United States of America intertwine like never before. The issues of continuing reliance on fossil fuels, increasing dependence on imports to satiate energy hunger and the need to address the issue of climate change has further enhanced the cooperation between the two countries. The United States of America has enunciated the following as the strategic goals and the measures to achieve them, for its energy policy:- (a) Energy Diversity. Increase energy options and reduce dependence on oil, thereby reducing vulnerability to disruption. The strategies to reach this goal are as follows:- (i) Reduce dependence on energy imports, particularly oil in the transportation sector, by developing and effectively deploying technologies to increase fuel efficiency and enable the substitution of alternatives such as bio fuels, electricity, and hydrogen. (ii) Collaborate globally with governments and scientists to expedite the development and deployment of unconventional energy resources, such as bio fuels, that can substitute for oil and natural gas. (iii) Collaborate globally with governments and scientists to expedite the development and deployment of nuclear power which can substitute for oil and natural gas. (iv) Ensure adequate crude and regional home heating oil supplies during emergency shortages by maintaining the operational readiness of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve and North East Home Heating Oil Reserve. (v) Ensure an expanding supply of domestic energy for the American public by promoting the construction of an Alaska Natural Gas Pipeline and the environmentally responsible development of the Outer Continental Shelf and the Artic National Wildlife Refuge. (b) Environmental Impacts and Energy Strategies to Reach this Goal. (i) Support the creation of new nuclear generation capacity to produce carbon-free electricity in the near term (2015); complete a permanent repository for nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain by 2017; and, develop next generation advanced reactor and fuel cycle technologies for deployment in the long term (2025) for both electricity and hydrogen production. (ii) Advance clean coal technology through public-private partnerships for continued electricity generation from the countrys extensive coal resources, ultimately resulting in near-zero atmospheric emissions power plants. (iii) Support research and development efforts to reduce the costs of renewable energy technologies and accelerate the large-scale use of carbon-free electricity sources. (iv) Develop technologies to reduce vehicle emissions by improving efficiency and greatly expanding the use of clean fuels, while maintaining vehicle safety, performance, and cost characteristics. (c) Energy Infrastructure and Strategies to Reach this Goal. (i) Develop advanced wires and coils to increase the capacity, efficiency, and reliability of the electricity system. (ii) Advance real-time visualization and control tools to improve the reliability and efficiency of the Nations electricity delivery system by increasing the utilization of transmission and distribution assets. (iii) Integrate advanced technologies, including distributed generation, storage, and load management on distribution utility feeders to improve the efficiency and reliability of constrained sections of the electricity grid. (d) Energy Productivity and Strategies To Reach This Goal. (i) Support enhancements to existing energy markets that will help stimulate private investment in more efficient and economically productive end-use technologies. (ii) Develop integrated building technologies and formulate appliance standards to significantly increase the energy efficiency of residential and commercial buildings. (iii) Partner with energy-intensive industries to develop technologies that enable more efficient use of energy in their industrial processes. (iv) Develop technologies that enable cars and trucks to be fuel efficient, while remaining cost and performance competitive. 19. Impact on India. (a) Development and Deployment of Renewable Energy Technologies. The domain of renewable energy offers tremendous opportunities for strengthening Indo-US relations. While US companies have already invested heavily in the Indian market, especially in the field of solar energy, Indias own Suzlon Energy Cooperation has emerged as the worlds fifth largest supplier of wind turbines and the US forms a hub for its operations. Thus this two way exchange benefits both countries. (b) Promoting Energy Efficiency and Power Sector Reforms. The Unites States of America had set this as a major target for its energy security goals in the coming future. At the same time,the Indian energy security policy also aims at achieving better energy efficiency across all sectors. The USAID collaboration with the Government of India has already brought out the formulation of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) in India which has set the energy efficiency standards for various appliances in the country. As the US take further strides in this field, India too can benefit from its experience. (c) Civil Nuclear Deal. The signing of the civil nuclear deal has opened up new opportunities for the Indian nuclear industry. With the technology now available as a result of the deal, India would be able to increase the share of nuclear energy in its energy basket form a meagre three percent now to nearly eight percent by 2030. (d) Clean Technologies in the Field of Non Renewable Resources. With the world still dependent on non renewable sources such as oil and coal, the need of the hour is to develop technologies which can assist in better utilisation of the fuel in a more energy efficient and environmentally friendly manner. The two countries can collaborate in this field to develop these technologies. Chinas Energy Policies and thier Impact on India 20. China become a net importer of oil in 1993 and since then embarked on wide ranging changes in its energy policies in order to ensure a continuous supply of energy to fuel its phenomenal growth. With its entry into the global oil bazaar as a major importer, China quickly learned the hazards of relying solely on purchase policies in the open markets. The more aggressive recent foreign investments of its state owned enterprises, notably China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and China National Offshore Oil Company (CNOOC), stem directly from a May 1997 policy paper in which former Premier Li Peng blessed Chinese involvement in the exploration and development of international oil and gas resources .He also tied such projects specifically to the objective of stable, long-term supplies of oil and gas. The Chinese governments energy policies are dominated by the countrys growing demand for oil and its reliance on oil imports. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is the primary policymaking and regulatory authority in the energy sector, while four other ministries oversee various components of the countrys oil policy. The government launched the National Energy Administration (NEA) in July 2008 in order to act as the key energy regulator for the country .The policy focused on the following areas: (a) Self sufficiency. (b) Encouraging the diversity of energy structure and imports. (c) Improve energy efficiency and adjusting economic structure. (d) Energy conservation. 21. Impact on India. (a) Chinas String of Pearls strategy is well known as a means of encircling India; however the origin of this strategy lay in securing her energy needs. These pearls extend from the coast of mainland China through the littorals of the South China Sea, the Strait of Malacca, across the Indian Ocean, and onto the littorals of the Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf. China is building strategic relationships and developing naval forward presence along the SLOCs that connect China to the Middle East. The list of pearls include the following: upgraded military facilities in Hainan Island, upgraded airstrip on Woody Island located in the Paracel archipelago about 300 nautical miles east of Vietnam, container shipping facility in Chittagong, Bangladesh, construction of a deep water port in Sittwe, Burma, construction of navy base in Gwadar, Pakistan, pipeline through Islamabad and over Karakoram Highway to Kashgar in Xinjiang province that would transport fuel to China itself, intelligence gatheri ng facilities on islands in the Bay of Bengal near the Malacca Strait and construction of Hambantota port in Sri Lanka. (b) Loan for Oil. China is taking advantage of the economic downturn to step up its global acquisitions and financing of projects. One of the financing strategies is to secure long-term deals is Chinas bilateral loan-for-oil deals with several countries. These loans amount to about $50 billion or 70 percent of the total investments by the 3 major NOCs since 2008 according to industry sources. While several resource-rich countries have been strapped for cash during the credit crunch of 2008-09, China can use its vast foreign exchange reserves, estimated at $2 trillion, to help leverage such investments. China finalized loan for oil deals recently with Russia, Brazil, Venezuela, Kazakhstan, Ecuador and reportedly agreed to a loan of $3 billion to Turkmenistan to assist in developing the South Iolotan gas field project to feed the Central Asia Gas Pipeline. China agreed to loan Russian companies, Rosneft and Transneft $25 billlion to finance the East Siberia Pacific Ocean oil pipeline i n exchange for 300,000 bbl/d of oil shipments. The Chinese Development Bank (CDB) also agreed to loan Petrobras of Brazil $10 billion so that Sinopec can access 200,000 bbl/d of oil for export to China. The loan to Venezuela stands at $4 billion to finance various projects increasing oil exports to China almost three-fold to 1 million bbl/d by 2015. CNPC and the China Export-Import Bank intend to lend Kazakhstan $5 billion each in two loans allowing CNPC a much larger role in the upstream oil development in the Central Asian country, following the companys acquisition of Petro Kazakhstan in 2005. (c) Acquisitions in Africa. Many in the oil industry agree that the most pragmatic acquisition strategy would be to look for good exploration blocks. But this is predicated on having a corporate team capable of evaluating possible exploration acreages in the world, which the big international oil companies have. Unfortunately, however, most of the Indian oil companies, unlike the Chinese companies, do not have a comprehensive set-up or database to follow this strategy, with the result that India ends up acquiring blocks that are in the very high risk category. Neither are the exploration blocks acquired in the bidding round examined in depth due to shortage of time available thanks to lack of adequate research of the area. Although Indian oil companies have notched up some successes over the last few years in buying equity stakes in foreign oil and gas blocks, the most notable being the Sakhalin-1 (offshore) project in Russia and the Greater Nile project in Sudan where the Chinese al so have a major interest, they have failed in many more or managed to acquire marginal stakes in others. For instance, India lost a bid to acquire Royal Dutch/Shells 50 per cent interest in Block 18 offshore Angola, which includes the Greater Plutonia development, with reserves of one billion barrels, after the Chinese government offered the Angolan government a 17-year, $2 billion loan at a low (1.5 per cent) interest rate along with the offer to build hospitals, and electronics manufacturing factories.  [8]  The Indian government was also prepared to support ONGC by offering $200 million to help build a railway, but this was dwarfed by the Chinese package.

Machiavelli: Personal and Political Implications Essay -- Michiavelli

Machiavelli: Personal and Political Implications "And since it is Fortune that does everything, it is she who wishes us to leave her alone, to be quiet and not give her trouble, and wait until she allows us to act again; then you will do well to strive harder, to observe things more closely...." (67)* Letter to Francesco Vettori in Rome December 10, 1513. Machiavelli is praised for the political implications of his writing in The Prince. However, many do not see the personal implications of Machiavelli's work, because the motivations for action are spoken in terms of political domination and the acquisition of power. There are underlying principles that speak of domination not only of cities and nations, but the domination of the opportunities placed before each individual. The Prince can be read in a different manner; as a manual for daily life and the maximization of opportunity. The mere notion that Machiavelli, a former servant to a Republican government who praises the role of principality, exemplifies his belief that adversity can be a blessing that has not been considered or planned. In The Prince, Machiavelli devotes special attention to the lives of Cesare Borgia and Pope Julius II; men who turned even the most trying circumstances into an opportunity to advance. With careful analysis of The Prince, from the perspective of pe rsonal actions, certain fundamental principles for living are revealed by Machiavelli. The most prominent theme which Machiavelli introduces, and it is the basis upon which he praises Pope Julius II and Cesare Borgia, is to create opportunity where none seems apparent. The first step to achieving the greatness of Borgia and Pope Julius II is to utilize foresight. Princes, according to Mac... ... the political and into the world of the common man, whose virtuous lives make the path of the prince a much smoother one. Moreover, men who appear common can reach the inner sanctum of glory by utilizing the rare instinctive natures given to them. This idea is supported by the author's own self-perception as a commoner who transforms himself nightly by putting on "curtail robes" and entering his study (10). While Machiavelli restricts himself to the praise of princes through his writing, he opens the door to making each person's life meaningful through a healthy perspective of trials and the encouragement to be brave against anything that Fortune may bring. For not all men can prepare to conquer the world, but no one need be deprived of the ability to conquer opportunity. Works Cited: Machiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. Arlington Heights: Harlan Davidson, 1947

Why Some Governments Are More Willing Than Others To Help Tackle Climate Change:

Climate change is the significant change in the earth’s climate during a period of 30 years. Some governments may be more willing than others to help tackle climate due to advantages and disadvantages for their countries.Some governments may not agree to tackle climate change as it could affect their economy. An example of this are NCI’s, for example China. China is behind the mass production of many products therefore their carbon emissions are very high. Tackling climate change may not be in the interest of China as it could mean a negative affect on the countries growth and industrialisation. This may be why some governments may be more willing than others to help tackle climate.Developing countries may also be reluctant in tackling climate change as they may argue that it is the responsibility of MEDCs as they are the one’s who emit the most carbon dioxide. They may believe that as they are not the one’s contributing highly to climate change they shoul d not invest money into tackling it. This money could be used for things such as food, clothing and medicine which they may believe are more important than helping the climate. Why should developing countries have to suffer for the damaged MEDCs are doing just to live luxurious lives. This is why developing countries may be reluctant to tackle climate change.Some countries such as Norway are more willing to tackle climate change. This is because they believe it is in their people’s interest to tackle climate change as preventing climate change now will make a huge beneficial impact in the long term. â€Å"Norway, UK, U.S. Allocate $280 Million to Stop Deforestation†. Norway has already started investing money to tackle climate change, this because of pressure from the people in Norway, to avoid conflict the government has seen it is in their best interest to listen to their people and invest money in stopping climate change. This may be why some governments may be more willing than others to help tackle climate.Some LEDCs may want to tackle climate change as it will be very beneficial in the future. This relates to countries such as the Maldives and Bangladesh. Both countries are low laying countries and if the impacts of climate change keeps getting worse than both countries are at risk of being of being underwater due to the huge increase in sea level rise. By tackling climate change they are taking away this risk. Also it is in the interest of other countries to help them as losing a lot of land due to flooding will mean loss of huge amounts of space.Bangladesh is densely populated if it were to lose its land; the people would need to move to other countries taking over their land and space, ultimately increasing their chance of natural disasters. Also Maldives is a country where the government want set an example, to show what it is like to be carbon neutral. Therefore by tackling climate change now they could start a whole new revolution hav ing a very positive impact on the world.Countries such as the Philippines will be very eager to start tackling climate change now, especially because of recent events. The government has seen the consequences of not taking action during hurricane Hyan; where huge scales of damage occurred. If the Philippines had tackled climate change before they may have been able to save many lives. Therefore countries such as the Philippines may be more willing than other to tackle climate change.